Assessment of GHG Emission from Dairy Cattle Manure Management Practices in Rural and Urban Dairy Production in Enderta District and Mekelle City, Northern Ethiopia

2024-11-22T13:58:11-05:00

This study was aimed at the assessment of greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) from manure management in rural and urban dairy cattle production in Enderta and Mekelle, northern Ethiopia. Data was collected through a semi-structured questionnaire and greenhouse gas emission was estimated using IPCC Tier II methodology. Dairy herd structure, feed resources, and manure management practices significantly differed (p<0.05) between urban and rural dairy production. Urban dairy production had greater methane emissions from manure management practices. The mean methane emissions from manure management practice were 4.96± (±.28) kg of CH₄/head of dairy cattle/year in rural dairy production and 8.30 (±.55) kg of CH₄/head of dairy cattle/year in urban dairy production. Both direct and indirect nitrous oxide emissions from manure management practices did not significantly (P>0.05) differ between the dairy cattle production. The mean direct nitrous oxide emissions were 0.11 (±.011) kg of N₂O/head of dairy cattle/year in rural dairy production and 0.11 (±0.011) kg of N₂O/head of dairy cattle/year in urban dairy production, while the mean indirect nitrous oxide emissions were 0.067 (±.006) kg of N₂O/head of dairy cattle/year in rural dairy production and 0.07 (±.006) kg of N₂O/head of dairy cattle/year in urban dairy production. This study indicated that variations in dairy cattle herd structure, feed resources and manure management practices producing higher methane emissions from dairy manure management in urban dairy production.

Microbial Quality Evaluation of Raw and Pasteurized Cow Milk in Wolaita Sodo Town, Southern Ethiopia

2024-11-22T14:08:18-05:00

Enhancing hygiene practices and the microbiological quality of milk can significantly strengthen Ethiopia's dairy supply chain. However, producing hygienically safe milk presents a considerable challenge in the country's dairy sector, where milk and milk products are frequently processed under unsanitary conditions. Hence, this study aimed to assess the microbial quality of raw and pasteurized cow milk in Wolaita Sodo town, southern Ethiopia. A total of 100 milk samples (70 raw and 30 pasteurized) were collected from dairy farms and retail shops for microbial analysis following standard procedures. The analysis included total bacteria count (TBC), total coliform count (TCC), and the detection of Escherichia coli. The results indicated no significant variation (P>0.05) in total bacteria count among raw milk samples from the three kebeles, with an average of 4.75±0.12 log10 cfu/mL. However, the total coliform count was notably higher (P<0.05) in raw milk from Merkato (3.80±0.15 log10 cfu/mL) compared to Ofa Gandaba (3.22±0.14 log10 cfu/mL) and Fana kebele (3.19±0.13 log10 cfu/mL). In the pasteurized milk samples, total bacteria count and total coliform count showed no significant differences (P>0.05) across the three brands, though brand Y exhibited a higher mean total coliform count (3.73±0.89 log10 cfu/mL) than brands X (2.9±0.89 log10cfu/mL) and Z (3.18 ± 0.77 log10cfu/mL). Escherichia coli was found in 35.7% of raw and 33.3% of pasteurized milk samples. These findings reveal significant bacterial contamination in both raw and pasteurized milk, including zoonotic pathogens, underscoring the urgent need for improved dairy product safety.

East African Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences

Assessment of GHG Emission from Dairy Cattle Manure Management Practices in Rural and Urban Dairy Production in Enderta District and Mekelle City, Northern Ethiopia

Microbial Quality Evaluation of Raw and Pasteurized Cow Milk in Wolaita Sodo Town, Southern Ethiopia